Geothermal reservoir
Light conditions
Off the surface
Excess volcanic heat emitted in the form of steam spawns cloud formation at ground level. Emphasizing the presence of local phenomena, thermal energy in the earth’s crust manifests dramatically.
“Hot igneous rocks that lie at a moderate depth below the surface may be a source of heat for thermal springs, both from heat radiated by the rocks and from steam given off, which mingles with and heats meteoric water that has penetrated downward.” – D. E. White